it was on the exhaust side first. adjusting the exhaust cam allows the combustion temps to drop which lowers NOx emissions. These emissions were the original reason that the EGR system was introduced, but since introducing inert gasses into the cylinder reduces the volume, it robs power. Variable valve timing allows for the elimination of the EGR valve and, as a bonus, allows for more power.
The M50TU was the first engine to get the VANOS system.
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