Originally Posted by nthfinity
well, i may not be the best to explain; but i'll try
high compression (like 11:1) means that it packs more mass of air in a smaller location; heats it because of compressing it; then when mixed with the fuel, and sparked; it has more resistance to staying compressed... essentially adding some torque.
with high compression; you also get more problems with knock (pre-detonation) which is basically diesling the engine... definately not good; this is why running a higher octane is nessiary for high compression motors... higher octanes burn slower; and require more energy to detonate.
turbo/supercharged motors generally run a lower compression ratio; which is evident by low rpm bog, and general lack of throttle responce... however, once boost pressure is there; true compression ratios could be 11:1 - 16:1 and perhaps higher since that volume of air is forced in there by the impellars.... this is also why its good to run high octane in low compression turbo/supercharged engines... to reduce knock.
after turboing an engine, of course you can change pistons; valvetrain, everything. afterall, its still an engine 
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Thank you very well Nthfinity for the information, and very quick

thanks